Journal of The Korean Society of Living Environmental System ISSN:1226-1289(Print) 한국생활환경학회

Choi, J., Lee, M., Lee, J., Kang, D., & Choi, J. (2017). Correlates associated with participation in physical activity among adults: a systematic review of reviews and update. BMC Public Health, 17, 356. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4255-2

Choi, S., Bahk, J., Park, S., Oh, K., Jung-Choi, K. (2022). Smoking, drinking, and physical activity among Korean adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a special report of the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Epidemiology and Health, 44, e2022043. https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022043

Colley, R. C., & Saunders, T. J. (2023). The ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and screen time among Canadian adults. Health Reports, 34(10), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.25318/82-003-x202301000002-eng

Kim, M., & Chae, H. (2022). Comparison of health behaviors of adult women in Korea before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: secondary analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2020. Korean J Women Health Nurs, 28(3), 222-234. https://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2022.08.22

Kim, M. G. (2020). Social changes and social policy paradigm in times of Covid-19. Health and Welfare Forum, 290, 6-19.

Kim, W., Lee, E. Y., Cha, Y., Heo, H., & Hong, S. J. (2022). Socioeconomic status and daily life changes, concerns, and precautionary behaviors related to COVID-19. J. Korean Soc. Living Environ. Sys., 29(2), 165-175. https://doi.org/10.21086/ksles.2022.4.29.2.165

Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (2025). White paper on Korea’s response to COVID-19. Cheongju: Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.

Lee, E. Y. (2021). Correlates of depression in Seoul metropolitan citizen during COVID-19 pandemic. J. Korean Soc. Living Environ. Sys., 28(4), 399-409. https://doi.org/10.21086/ksles.2021.8.28.4.399

Lee, I., Shiroma, E. J., Lobelo, F., Puska, P., Blair, S. N., & Katzmarzyk, P. T. (2012). Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet, 380, 219-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61031-9

Min, K., Oh, Y. H., Kim, S. W., Kim, H. J., Lee, H., Lee, S., et al. (2020). Physical activity patterns and their associated factors measured by Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) among Korean. The Korean Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.5763/kjsm.2020.38.1.1

Nieman, D. C., & Wentz, L. M. (2019). The compelling link between physical activity and the body’s defense system. J. Sport Health Sci., 8, 201-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2018.09.009

Park, A. H., Zhong, S., Yang, H., Jeong, J., & Lee, C. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 on physical activity: a rapid review. Journal of Global Health, 12, 05003. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.12.05003

Park, S., & Yang, S. (2024). Analysis of research trends related to the health behavior of one-person housholds in Korea. Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing, 38(1), 41-54. https://doi.org/10.5932/JKPHN.2024.38.1.41

Park, S., Kim, H. J., Kim, S., Rhee, S. Y., Woo, H. G., Lim, H., et al. (2023). National trends in physical activity among adults in South Korea before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2009-2021. JAMA Network Open, 6(6), e2316930. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16930

Schöttl, S. E., Schnitzer, M., Savoia, L., & Kopp, M. (2022). Physical activity behavior during and after COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders—A longitudinal study in the Austrian, German, and Italian Alps. Front. Public Health, 10, 901763. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.901763

Stockwell, S., Trott, M., Tully, M., Shin, J., Barnett, Y., Butler, L., et al. (2021). Changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours from before to during the COVID-10 pandemic lockdown: a systematic review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 7, e000960. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000960

Suzuki, K., & Hayashida, H. (2021). Effect of exercise intensity on cell-mediated immunity. Sports (Basel), 9, 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9010008

Suzuki, K. (2019). Chronic inflammation as an immunological abnormality and effectiveness of exercise. Biomolecules, 9, 223. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9060223

Warburton, D. E. R., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2017). Health benefit of physical activity: a systematic review of current systematic reviews. Curr Opin Cardiol., 32, 541-556. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCO.0000000000000437

World Health Organization (2022). Physical activity, insufficient, among adults aged 18+ years, prevalence (age-standardized estimate) (%). Retrieved March 05, 2026 from WHO Web site: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)

Yang, Y. J. (2022). Current status of physical activity in Korea and exercise prescriptions. J. Korean Med. Assoc., 65(12), 810-820. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2022.65.12.810

Yun, P., Woo, D., & Park, S. (2022). Factors related to reduced physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Korean Public Health Research, 48(2), 99-110. https://doi.org/10.22900/kphr.2022.48.2.008